Molecular docking was performed to explore the possible role of all the identified bioactive compounds in the chloroform fraction of Eryngium caeruleum into active sites of the homology model of α-glucosidase.ĭiabetes mellitus (DM) is a disorder of carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism attributed to low production of insulin or mounting resistance to its action leading to persistent hyperglycemia. In a nutshell, we can conclude that Eryngium caeruleum is a potential source of bioactive compounds which may be beneficial for the management of ailments like diabetes and free radicals mediated disorders. Similarly, the HPLC-DAD chromatograms of Ec.Cr and Ec.Chf exhibited a variety of peaks, which further demonstrates the possibility of important phytochemicals. The identified phytoconstituents consist of some essential compounds previously reported with antidiabetic and antioxidant studies, which include thymol, tocopherol, phytol, nerolidol, (I)-neophytadiene, linolenic acid, and falcarinol.

The GC-MS analysis confirmed the presence of 60 compounds. The Ec.Chf was also subjected to GC-MS analysis. The Ec.Chf lowered the blood glucose level up to 10.3 mmol/L at 500 μg/Kg. Based on the in-vitro potential of Ec.Chf, this was subjected to the in-vivo model experiment. The IC 50 values recorded for Ec.Chf were 112, 109, and 150 μg/ml against DPPH, ABTS, and H 2O 2 respectively. In antioxidant assays, Ec.Chf and Ec.Cr exhibited a considerable scavenging effect against all the free radicals. The rest of the samples showed moderate inhibition of α-glucosidase. The most active sample was Ec.Chf which revealed an IC 50 of 437 μg/ml in comparison to the standard acarbose (IC 50 25 μg/ml). In the α-glucosidase inhibition assay, a concentration-dependent inhibitory response was observed against the enzyme. Furthermore, comparative fingerprints of methanolic extract and chloroform fraction were also analyzed via High Performance Liquid Chromatography coupled with Diode Array Detector (HPLC-DAD). Moreover, different phytoconstituents were identified in the most active solvent fraction by GC-MS analysis. The antioxidant activity was determined by using different free radicals -6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), and hydrogen peroxide (H 2O 2)]. Both in-vitro and in-vivo assays have been carried out for antidiabetic assays. Based on the medicinal importance of the genus Eryngium and unexplored nature of Eryngium caeruleum, we have evaluated its antidiabetic and antioxidant potentials.

Natural-based drugs are believed to be safe, effective and economical.

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